The Body Shop International Case Study Essay Example For Students

The Body Shop International Case Study Essay The Body Shop International ( Body Shop ) is a transnational company which is chiefly bring forthing ecological tegument and hair products.The company offers over 1200 of course produced healthy and beauty merchandises by and large target at adult female. The merchandises focal point is shampoos, conditioners, bath merchandises, soaps and skin picks but besides includes aroma, watering place merchandises, and beauty-related accoutrements. Their merchandises are entirely based on natural ingredients and manufactured harmonizing to an ethical codification which is opposed to animal proving. The cosmetics franchise is considered to be one of the biggest around the Earth with a good established repute in 54 states. L’Oreal, the dominant company in the beauty industry, acquired Body store in 2006. Although Body Shop has become a subordinate of L’Oreal S.A it still acts harmonizing to its ain policy, values and ethical codification. The acquisition has solved Body Shop ‘s fiscal jobs and has provided the agencies for enlargement to a bigger market portion. We will write a custom essay on The Body Shop International Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The updations since the instance survey was written can be summarised as: In 2002 Anita Ruddick launched her ain web site â€Å" www.AnitaRoddick.com † in 2001 and an activism portal â€Å" www.TakeItPersonally.org † in 2004. At that clip figure of stores were were1500 Body store but nowit exceeded over 2500. During 2003 The Body Shop launched a planetary run to raise consciousness and financess to assist those affected by domestic force. The Stop Violence in the Home run physiques on about a decennary of runing on the issue in a figure of markets, including Canada, the USA, and West Malaysia. The run aims to foreground the issue, raise money to back up the work of groups. . In 2007 The Body Shop articulation forces with MTV in a new trade name partnership to raise financess and consciousness about HIV and AIDS amongst immature people, through the Spray to Change run. The money raised goes to the Staying Alive Foundation, a charity who fund with grass roots organisation s raising consciousness and educating immature and at-risk groups about HIV and AIDS. Undertaking 2 A brief reappraisal and treatment on company ‘s cardinal acheivements and important alterations over the last few old ages and how the company has adopted to emerging subjects like corporate societal duty, ethical selling, globalization, etc. 800 words Significant Changes: The first The Body Shop shop was opened by Anita Rodrick on 26th March 1976 in Brighton, on the south seashore of England. It was declared a public company in 1985 and shortly after that it created an Environmental Projects Department of its ain. The first Community Trade merchandise of The Body Shop was a Footsie Roller which was produced in 1986 by a provider in southern India. In 2006, as portion of the on-going Stop Violence in the Home and for carry oning the survey on domestic force against kids, The Body Shop created a partnership with UNICEF and the United Nations Secretary-General ‘s Study on Violence against Children. The Body Shop becomes portion of the L’Oreal Group and de-listed from the London Stock Exchange on July 12 2006. It operates independently within the L’Oreal Group and was led by the current direction squad of The Body Shop. Outline1 Cardinal acheivements2 Corporate A ; Social duty3 . Ethical Selling4 Globalization5 The Body Shop6 In shop7 Behind the scene8 At place9 Marketing Department including selling staff10 Production Department11 Strategic12 Department13 Techno Department14 Product / Graphic design section15 Warehouse Department16 Distribution Department17 Management Manners at Body Shop Cardinal acheivements The organic structure store was the first international cosmetics company to subscribe up to the Humane Cosmetics Standard, supported by taking international carnal protection groups. The Body Shop Values Reports are recognized ( 1995 A ; 1997 ) as trailblazing by United Nations Environmental Program and Sustainability, and ranked highest in their reappraisal of International Corporate Environmental Reports. The Body Shop is the first planetary retail merchant to fall in the Board of the Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil, working with NGOs and plantations to protect tropical rain forests and better the human rights of workers and autochthonal people. The Body Shop is the victor of PETA ‘s Proggy ( advancement ) awards for its on-going committedness to avoid carnal testing. During 2005 The Body Shop was awarded for accomplishing higher criterions of animate being public assistance in the decorative class at the first one-year awards of the Royal Society of Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in the UK Corporate A ; Social duty Corporate societal duty ( CSR ) or corporate citizenship entails companies acting in a socially responsible mode, and covering with other concern parties who do the same.It imlpies: An duty, beyond that required by the jurisprudence and economic sciences, for a house to prosecute long term ends that are good for society The go oning committedness by concern to act ethically and lend to economic development while bettering the quality of life of the work force and their households every bit good as that of the local community and society at big About how a company manages its concern procedure to bring forth an overall positive impact on society. The Body Shop is a maker and retail merchant of of course inspired, ethically produced beauty and cosmetics merchandises. Harmonizing to The Body Shop Corporate Social Responsibility website, â€Å" If concern comes with no moral understanding or honest codification of behaviours, so God assist us all. † is The Body Shop ‘s mantra. Let ‘s discourse few illustrations to see how does it is applied at Body Shop. a ) Sustainable Supply Chain Strategy The Body Shop works with its providers to advance socially responsible patterns in its supply concatenation as portion of its supply concatenation scheme. This is portion of its wider Framework for Corporate Social Responsibility. The Body Shop launched Community Trade. It is a targeted supply concatenation scheme to buy natural ingredients and accoutrements from socially or economically marginalized communities around the universe. It gives these manufacturers entree to a market that would otherwise be out of range and provides a just and dependable income, every bit good as a committedness to making a sustainable concern. For illustration, The Body Shop ‘s moisturizing socks produced by a Community Trade Supplier, Craft Aid in Mauritius, provides employment to 160 people, 40 % of which have disablements. B ) Prosecuting the Community through Community-based Undertakings One attack to prosecuting in corporate societal duty is through community-based development undertakings. An illustration The Body Shop ‘s launch of the 2008 Stop Violence in the Home run on the subject of friendly relationship. By supplying practical tools to authorise adult females to supply support to friends in demand, the run aimed to be a beginning of inspiration and support for 1000000s of adult females around the universe. The Stop Violence in the Home run besides raised ?1.9 million by 2008 and reached 56 markets. In each market, all the financess raised were donated to the chosen non-profit charity organisation, to assist fund critical undertakings of bar, support, and protection for adult females and kids. 4 ) Body Shop and Compaigns The run for UK-wide prohibition on carnal testing of decorative merchandises and ingredients started in November 1998, and the largest of all time request ( four million signatures ) being delivered to the European Commission in 1996. Homeless people: The Big issue paper for stateless people began as a The Body Shop Foundation undertaking establishing in 1991. Awareness of HIV and AIDS amongst immature people: In 2007 The Body Shop joined custodies with MTV to raise financess and consciousness about HIV and AIDS amongst immature people. . Ethical Selling As a decorative retail merchant, The Body Shop defied most recognized selling patterns. In an industry where 30 cents on every dollar of gross revenues was typically devoted to advertisement, the company had no selling or advertisement section. They operate harmonizing to standards, which places more accent on human values than on strictly commercial considerations.A Anita Roddick spends most of her clip making the selling activities such as runs and conferences. The Body Shop ne’er advertised in newspapers or magazines because this type of publicity would increase the cost of the merchandise. For The Body Shop, the most effectual and utile manner of advertisement is to utilize its stores and its staff, every bit good as utilizing issues awareness, such as â€Å" Activate Self-Esteem † . Example The Body Shop launched a run utilizing the â€Å" Ruby Doll † – a realistic looking doll to advance existent adult females. They used it in their shops, hosted arguments, funded research, and held conferences all related to self-esteem, all activities that point back to The Body Shop. Anita Roddick said about advertizement â€Å" There ‘s no illustration of anyone making what we ‘re making in America and doing it work † Globalization Globalization represents the increasing integrating of economic sciences, communications and civilization across national boundaries. In today ‘s society, corporations and endeavors are spread outing their concerns in the planetary markets. Globalization is necessary for success and endurance in the worldwide market ; nevertheless, planetary competition is non easy. For BodyShop the chances are in broad array non merely on the portion of embarking into parts with much income and net income to derive but besides an chance to portion and supply quality merchandises to fashion-conscious people with trend to manner lifestyle.Its successful and widely-known corporate civilization, its organizational construction, its directions manners and its well-controled and regulated franchise system efficaciously back up the planetary enlargement of Body Shop, under the decorative elephantine L’Oreal along with its strong trade name name, into more stray, under-deveolped and less developing counbtries in Africa and Asia. Task3 A critical rating of restriction and benefits of turning construct and popularity of ‘free market ‘ to organic structure store. A free market is market without economic intercession and intervention and ordinance by authorities except to implement ownership ( â€Å" belongings rights † ) and contracts. It is the antonym of a, controlled market where the authorities regulates how the agency of production, goods, and services are used, priced, or distributed. all markets within it are unregulated by any parties other than those participants in the market. A market economic system based on supply and demand with small or no authorities control. A wholly free market is an idealised signifier of a market economic system where purchasers and sells are allowed to transact freely ( i.e. buy/sell/trade ) based on a common understanding on monetary value without province intercession in the signifier of revenue enhancements, subsidies or ordinance. Free markets contrast aggressively with regulated markets, in which authoritiess straight or indirectly regulate monetary values or supplies, which harmonizing to free-market theory causes markets to be less efficient. Advantageous of free market economic system 1. market economic systems can set to alter easy ( If there is a demand for one thing, companies have the ability to alter what they produce alternatively of holding to travel through excessively much authorities protocol first ) 2. Rational ego involvement in market economic systems are besides encouraged ( allow freedom for people to make what they want, make what they want, and, sell what they want -to a certain extent- , this can besides be described as being able to make up one’s mind what is traveling to be produced, how it is traveling to be produced and for A whom it is traveling to be produced ) . the authorities tries to remain out of the manner of businesses- Although the authorities sets certain criterions concerns must follow- for the most portion concerns can make as they please. .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 , .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .postImageUrl , .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 , .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:hover , .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:visited , .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:active { border:0!important; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:active , .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4 .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue72850b8f569c59e2f541715313867b4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Response to Going to Meet the Man by James Baldwin Essay3. there is a great assortment of goods and services for consumers ( If there is a demand for a good or service, the demand will about ever be met in a market economic system ) . 4. market economic system encourage competitory environment, ( competition does promote invention, and the free market economic system has produced good over a century of dizzying proficient advancement. At the same clip productiveness has besides increased at a phenomenal rate. A competition is one of the basic grounds why there are by and large so many different assortments A of goods A for consumers to take from. Besides Free economic system promotes economic invention in several ways: By spurring merchandise competition among companies in the same line of concern By exposing domestic houses to the best new thoughts around the universe Enabling local houses to import high-technology capital equipment and know-how, so that they can fabricate merchandises and present services at lower costs Examples Market economic system has come to be accepted as a norm across the universe with many developing states like Africa, India and China traveling towards a full-market orientated economic system and we have seen the Body Shop, based on strong ethical and corporate civilization, widely benefits from the availablity of free market without compromising its ethical criterions and organizational values. Limitations of Free Market As the authorities meddles and efforts to command the economic system, it causes economic discord. A states involvements are n’t taken attention of, in a free market you vote with your dollars. If there is a Russian speech production client base, you learn to talk Russian. Does n’t work good for services such as wellness attention. No goverment involved means some merchandises could be harmful to people It is non as disciplined and secured as regular market. Sometimes this works, but as 2008 is demoing, sometimes it doesn’t. Especially in a market-based economic system, where people want to do a net income, some unscrupulous folks may heighten their ain net income border at the disbursal of others, such as the consumer. The inclination toward net income may weaken the self-policing facets, and the consumer may non have the best trade. Scheme for Body Shop Although Free market economic systems have been successful in developed economic systems, will non be so in developing states and the lone resort for them is the theoretical account of the assorted economic system or societal market economic system. The welfare function of the province is retained in a societal market economic system which cares for the hapless. In instances where the hapless states are endeavoring towards a free market economic system, there should be certain sections controlled by the province but with prevalence of free endeavor such that efficiency is restored and the state moves towards economic prosperity. Free market economic system under centralised political control is the most effectual manner for these states. In a assorted type economic system, both the private ownership every bit good as the province takes portion in the agencies of production, distribution and other types of economic activities.both free-market and regulative forces are at work.A A Some see these forces as being at odds with each other ; others feel that the economic system works at its extremum when both forces are working together.A A Whatever you believe, many states, including the United States, have both systems at work at the same time, and the balance between the two dictates how the economic system, overall, will tendency. In world, all economic systems are assorted, though there are broad fluctuations in the sum of mix and the balance between public and private sectors. For illustration, in Cuba the authorities allocates the huge bulk of resources, while in Europe most economic systems have an even mix between markets and planning. Economic systems can be evaluated in footings of how efficient they are in accomplishing economic aims. ( 5 ) Free market available on hypertext transfer protocol: //www.economicsonline.co.uk/Competitive_markets/Economic_systems.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.economywatch.com/market-economy/advantages-market-economy.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.economywatch.com/world_economy/world-economic-indicators/mixed-economy.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.blurtit.com/q917361.html cubic decimeter ( accessed on 12june 2010 ) As it has really strong corporate civilization, supply concatenation direction, community engagements across Earth, effectual compaign against poorness and ethical issues, it has the possible to suit itself to demands of varing economic systems, whether free or regulated, or assorted economic system, and sucessfully remain competitory. Undertaking 4 Examination and Evaluation of organisational design and construction of Body store and cardinal direction patterns: In 2006, The Body Shop becomes portion of the L’Oreal Group. It retains its alone individuality and Values and continues to be based in the United Kingdom. It operates independently within the L’Oreal Group and is led by the current direction squad of The Body Shop describing straight to the CEO of L’Oreal, Jean-Paul Agon. The organisational structureof Body Shop has five basic elements as per Henry Mintzberg ‘s definition of administration. The Operating Core: Employees who perform the basic work related to the production of merchandises and services. In The Body Shop the operating nucleus is merchandise design and in writing design and production section. The Strategic Core: Top degree Management who are charged with the overall duty for the organisation. In the instance of The Body Shop its CEO and Top Line directors are its strategic nucleus devising policies and ordinance for the direction, executing and control. way of the organisation maintaining in head the factors of organisation ‘s repute, being, enlargement and growing. The Middle Line: Directors, who contact the operating nucleus to the strategic vertex. The Techno construction: Analyst who have the duty for impacting the certain signifiers of standardisation in the organisation e.g. In the instance of Body Shop the techno squad consists of its IT section, comptroller, work scheduler, long scope contriver. The Support Staff: Peoples who fill the staff unit, who provide indirect support services for the organisation. In the Body shop the undermentioned sections are fundamentally chief back uping section e.g. Public relation ; selling section including in shop staff, warehouse section and distribution section, paysheet section ( 6 ) 6 ) Organizational Design of the Body Shop: As per the web site of organisation, the basic design of the Body store includes the followers: The Body Shop In shop Behind the scene At place Marketing Department including selling staff Production Department Strategic Department Techno Department Product / Graphic design section Warehouse Department Distribution Department beginning ( 7 ) Organization values â€Å" Business organisation are non merely for the net income -their resources can be used to advance wider intents.the inspiration and the set of values associated guide the trading rules of organic structure store direction, which are: They aim to guarantee that human and civil rights, as set out in the cosmopolitan declaration of human rights, are respected throughout their concern activities. They will back up ling term, sustainable relationship with communities in demand. They will utilize environmentally sustainable resources wherever technically and economically feasible They will advance carnal protection throughout their concern activities and in many ways The overall corporate civilization and selling stategies of Body Shop support these ethical values. Body Shop organisational construction and planetary enlargement The Body Shop operates within a regional divisional construction. Centralized caput offices in the United Kingdom ( London and Littlehampton ) maintain planetary corporate and support maps. The company is so divided into four parts: UK and the Republic of Ireland ( ROI ) , the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, and South Africa, and Asia Pacific. Within each part are both company-owned shops and franchises as outlined. The divisional nature of the construction allows regional directors to â€Å" concentrate attempts on bettering operations in the ( parts ) for which they are responsible and the corporate officers can give their clip to overall strategic issues for the full corporation † ( Dess G. , 2006, p. 297 ) . This construction helps to suit rapid enlargement. Within the divisional construction and critical to TBS ‘s international enlargement scheme is master franchising, â€Å" whereby the franchisor ( TBS ) grants the maestro franchisee ( the regional division ) the right to franchise the franchisor ‘s construct to others within an sole district, making a three-party understanding. † ( Doherty, 1999 ) â€Å" By naming a caput franchisee in each major national market, Roddick was able to concentrate on the development of new productlines and the company ‘s planetary vision, instead than worry about the complexnesss of disposal or forces direction † ( HBR p. 4 ). Under this construction, there is a free-flow of information between central offices and parts, nevertheless the regional divisions become responsible for supplying information and supervising the sub-franchisees. It besides allows Body Shop caput office to concentrate on corporate strategic issues. Stakeholder civilization Its stakeholder civilization is its core competency. This civilization includes everything from committedness to the community, to the environment and to the protection of animate beings. The usage of stakeholder audience in combination with public coverage is a great manner to guarantee that that organisation is keeping their committedness of presenting value to the stakeholders. Undertaking 5 Discuss entrepreneurship and leading manner of laminitis, Anita Roderick. 500 Wordss Anita roddick- enterpriser An enterpriser is one who organizes, manages, and assumes the hazards of a concern or endeavor. Entrepreneurs live in the hereafter. They have originative personalities, are advanced, and thrive on alteration. Anita Roddick is surely a great enterpriser. Everything that embodies her exploits involves instruction and alteration. ( ) — — definition. Entrepreneurs have a vision of something new and they want to see how far it can travel. Entrepreneurs find the best manner of forcing thoughts along. Entrepreneurs use money to oil the wheels of success. Entrepreneurship has three parts, the individual, the thought and the resources For illustration her â€Å" trade non assistance † has priceless effects for states and people around the universe. But that is what entrepreneurs do! Entrepreneurs make alteration. Lashkar-e-taibas discuss few qualities of Anita as an enterpriser. Control Factor She prefered environments where they have maximal authorization and duty and make non work good in traditionally structured organisations. Like Entrepreneurs she had a demand to make and accomplish by holding control over events.it is of import as it helps show the self-government of an administration, which helps find a higher rate of enterpriser activity. Hazard Taking Entrepreneurs are determined to prosecute in hazardous actions in order to come up with new prospects.Likewise she has the bravery and the continuity to prosecute in her venture, even without the confidence of succeeding.. It may look like she is taking high hazards, but in actuality she had assessed the hazards exhaustively. Entrepreneur ‘s value system The 3rd personal factor is the enterpriser ‘s value system, which entails scrutiny, apprehension of one ‘s topographic point in the society, and the person ‘s thought about individuals and things. They have a ceaseless sense of urgency to make something. This corresponds with a high energy level.This includes the perceptual experience and the achievement motives of the enterpriser, for their values find their attitude towards their dedication with their work. Entrepreneur ‘s job resolution manner Invention and job resolution capablenesss are expected to be the nucleus of the entrepreneurial capableness of an enterpriser, for they are faced with a figure of challenges as they try to implement new thoughts and work out jobs, so their innovativeness counts. This helps entrepreneurs identify relationships in complex state of affairss. Chaos does non trouble oneself them because they can gestate order. Problems are rapidly identified and solutions offered. Employees/Environment †Most concerns focus all the clip on net incomes, net incomes, profitsaˆÂ ¦I have to state I think that is profoundly boring.I want to make an electricity and passion that bonds people to the company † . ( Anita Roddick ) .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 , .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .postImageUrl , .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 , .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:hover , .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:visited , .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:active { border:0!important; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:active , .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6 .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uef87e28b999fd9eb2c6a18a6234a38d6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bookseller of Kabul Essayshe ever strived difficult to supply and keep healthy civilizations, where employees felt the belief that they are portion of an exciting future.They come to work with a fire inside them, a consequence of clearly stated leading and concern patterns that everyone explicitly understands.Every individual in the company knows how to separately lend to its future.As an great entrpreneur Anita Selected Staff that Support the Vision of the Corporation. Corporate Governance-Anita ‘s Decision -making As portion of the efficient qualities of Roddick entrepreneurship, the Body Shop is really sing the construct of effectual corporate administration as their competitory advantage.Anita Roddick, as caput of the decision-making organic structure of the company, created a good system non merely in selling their merchandises but besides in keeping expressive relationship to their overall stakeholders. The Board of Body Shop has been able to achieve complete control of all affairs sing the company. Their self-perseverance and duty to their responsibilities and eventually, their obeisance to the company Torahs all contribute to the development of the corporation. The Board ‘s authorization is clearly recognised within the company. And because of this, it is able to hold a solid clasp on the corporation ‘s existent operations, stakeholders and its fiscal concerns. Clearly, these facts prove the strength of the company ‘s corporate administration construction which is really contemplation of enterpriser accomplishments of Anita Roddick. External factors civilization, function theoretical accounts, work experience, instruction, and environment besides contribute to do great enterpriser. .Anita Roddick ‘s educational and professional calling is all right case in this respect. These factors determine the success in concern ventures by its interaction and interrelatedness, which brings good effects to the company. Continous Strategic growing and strong trade name name of organic structure store is clear illustration of Anita ‘s accomplishments as an enterpriser. ( 10 ) Decision Dame Anita Roddick deserves the congratulationss for her model public presentation as an enterpriser. She has become successful because of the clear ends that she wants her Body Shop to hold and achieve. In her instance, hazard project, creativeness and being advanced, and beliefs, are the factors that made her a successful enterpriser. The first measure is non to win in the market place, but to come in the market place with a strong individuality. The Body Shop is merely person ‘s organic structure store. Now, it is everybody else ‘s â€Å" organic structure store. † â€Å" From merchandise development to human resource direction, The Body Shop has been described as â€Å" advanced, † â€Å" dare, † and even â€Å" extremist † . But there is no inquiry it was successful. † ( HBR p. 4 ) Task6 A treatment on Body store ‘s place in modern-day era- ( discuss in relation to globalization, emerging direction theories, important internal alterations and emerging functions of free market. 800 words. Body Shop has assorted rivals in decorative industry such as Proctor and Gamble, Unilever, Shiseido, L’Oreal, Avon, Revlon Boots, Nectar, Bath A ; Body Works, Origins, and Aveda etc. Let ‘s utilize follwing competitory concern theoretical account to analyze Body Shop ‘s competitory environment as general position. Please see Appendex for Porter ‘s Five Forces Industry Competitive Analysis 6.1 ) SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis helps to place major factors in the internal and external environment of a company. A SWOT analysis of Body Shop identifies countries on which the company needs to concentrate on in order to better company public presentation, so that we analysis and see the assorted phases of the SWOT analysis. Strengths Brand Loyalty – Body Shop is greatly dependent on its trade name repute which is a critical factor in gross revenues. Due to its alone merchandises, it has come out to be seen as one of the most environmentally friendly retail merchants. L’Oreal ‘s support – L’Oreal ‘s experience in advertizement, planetary trade name development, investing capital and selling can hike overall gross revenues. Community Trade -TBS beginnings low-priced natural stuff from deprived communities worldwide. As committedness to this plan addition, the company will be able to capitalise on these cost nest eggs and value making activities. Global Position -TBS is located in 55 states worldwide, cut downing its exposure to market hazards in one part. Due to this company in a good place and take advantages of growing chances in and around these part while increased planetary consciousness of the company. Niche selling – Body Shop targets a niche market. By saying that it is non proving its merchandises on animate beings and by looking to hold an ecological profile, it has appealed to clients with ethical issues. Bing the lone store in the shopping Centre that sells ecological merchandises, has given it advantage in the local market. Charity support – Body Shop provides fiscal assistance in charities by giving little sum of money. Management-it has really focussed direction and staff due to effectual corporate civilization. Failings Operation Cost- A diminution in profitableness was experienced in 2006, due to inefficient stock list supply direction and increasing operating costs as a consequence of reorganisation and franchise. Given the growing of the organisation and its recent restructuring, it is critical for The Body Shop to concentrate on bettering operational efficiency.A Reducing stock list retentions and bettering efficiencies within the supply concatenation are a great topographic point to get down in the context. Untrust on L’Oreal- Body Shop, unlike L’Oreal, has really rigorous policy on no carnal proving for decorative merchandises whci create possible environment of misgiving about new policy of L’Oreal after its geting of Body Shop. This indicated a loss of market portion within this strategic parts. this diminution is likely to be the recoil of TBS’loyal consumers to the alteration in ownership. That is the failing in future.Body Shop has to do certain it values and environmental policies should be observed along with L’Oreal. Opportunities Expanding market – Emerging market in developing states with the addition in consumers passing in developing states, big markets with high population are emerging in the Russian and Jordanian markets and can now concentrate on other turning markets in states such as Pakistan, China and India. The growing potency of these markets is what is driving the growing of full industry. Male Segmentation- with the turning figure of work forces interested in wellness and beauty productsthere is spread outing inclination for Male training merchandises. For illustration In 2006 the entire market for male training merchandises reached to $ 3 billion.This section has a great possible if the tendencies continue. They increase merchandises entree to clients, increasing consciousness, sales.and net incomes. Internet Channel- As consumers become more occupied on the cyberspace and with direct gross revenues, L’Oreal has the chance to spread out these channels to their fullest capacity through presenting them in new and emerging markets. Menaces L’Oreal different values-As a top performing artist in C A ; T industry, L’Oreal is known to back up assorted activities that are non in-line with TBS ‘s values, such as utilizing ingredients tested on animate beings. The coup d’etat of TBS by L’Oreal has do some protagonists to experience that TBS ‘s values no longer represents their ain and they will therefore non back up the company any longer. This causes a recoil and resulted in declined gross revenues and net income. Price- Market may go monetary value sensitive.if monetary value is major driving factor for consumer purchasing behavior so Body Shop has to revise its pricing scheme to remain in competition because its merchandise monetary values are comaparatively higher. More Competition-Market section growing could pull major competion.the wider competition is in the market is ever menace to Body Shop both domestically and internationally.so it has to remain one measure in front of its rivals in footings of merchandise design and client satisfaction. Management Manners at Body Shop Staff Motivation â€Å" Most concerns focus all the clip on net incomes, net incomes, profitsaˆÂ ¦I have to state I think that is profoundly deadening. I want to make an electricity and passion that bonds people to the company † Anita Roddick ( HBR p. 6 ) The Body Shop has healthy civilization, its employees are n’t kept in the dark ; instead they are supported in the belief that they are portion of an exciting hereafter. They come to work with a fire inside them, a consequence of clearly stated leading and concern patterns that everyone explicitly understands. Every individual in the company knows how to separately lend to its hereafter. It has the environment where direction promote staff to inquire inquiries to happen better working methods, promote argument. It is ever supportive of new thoughts which th keeps people interested and advanced. Such civilization involve staff in determination devising and it make heroes of employees who personify what company wants to see. It encourages to advance 2 manner appraisals staff to directors and directors to staff. And it helps to guarantee staff that they are non a solitary voice. Let them to turn. Hiring Staff The Body Shop choice Staff that Support the Vision of the Corporation.It looks for people who have energy and wonder. They should be able to take information and tally with it. It ever aims to use â€Å" large † people with large thought and large thoughts. Employ people that will suit in. General environment at Body Shop Steering people to the beginning of their ain power. Making a committedness to common ends and shared values. Weaving societal and environmental dimensions into the cloth of the company. There is a touchable sense of euphory. There is a sense of existent energy about the topographic point. There is a sense of joyful amateurism and merriment. There is a sense of lovingness, household and community. ( 12 ) Such direction manners and healthy corporate civilization transform and actuate employees to bring forth best single consequences which contibute to organizational growing and success.they are no more ordinary staff and people ; they are passionate and extremely bear down team-members lending organizational sucess, both locally and globally.So, we see from a individual store gap in Brighton in 1976 has sprung 100s of franchises throughout the universe. Anita sees the duty of concern as being supportive to the community both locally and globally. Mentions 4 ) Corporate duty available on, hypertext transfer protocol: //social-corporate-responsibility.suite101.com/article.cfm/corporate-social-responsibility-at- the-body-shop ( accessed on 8th June 2010 ) ( 5 ) Free market available on hypertext transfer protocol: //www.economicsonline.co.uk/Competitive_markets/Economic_systems.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.economywatch.com/market-economy/advantages-market-economy.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.economywatch.com/world_economy/world-economic-indicators/mixed- economy.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.blurtit.com/q917361.html ( accessed on 8th June 2010 ) ( 6 ) Organisational construction on, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.provenmodels.com/22 ( ( accessed on 18th June 2010 ) 10 ) Entrepreneur ‘s Hall of Fame: Anita Roddick, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ltbn.com/hall_of_fame/Roddick.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mission-coach.co.uk/pages/belief_model_leadership_anita_roddick.asp Roddick, Anita. Interview. The Entrepreneurial Mindset. 04 Sept. 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cwerty.com/members.asp gt ; . ( accessed on 6th June 2010 ) 12 ) Leadership manners available on, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mission-coach.co.uk/pages/belief_model_leadership_anita_roddick.asp Hamm, John. â€Å" The Five Messages Leaders Must Manage. † Harvard Business Review ( 2006 ) : 1-9. ( accessed on 26th May 2010 ) Beginning: Henry Mintzberg, Structure in Five: Planing effectual organisation, Page 279 ; Book Organizational Theory ( Third edition ) Stephen P. Robbins â€Å" Anita Roddick. † Business the Ultimate Resource. Cambridge: Perseus, 2002. 1134-1135. Bateman, Thomas S. , and Scott Snell. Management Leading and Collaborating in a Competitive World. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2007. Roddick, Anita. Business as Unusual. Chichester: Anita Roddick Books, 2005. Roddick, Anita. Interview. The Power of the Story. 04 Sept. 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cwerty.com/members.asp gt ; . hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/l/hi/business/4815776.stm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ltbn.com/hall_of_fame/Roddick.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.thebodyshop.com/companycasestudy/naomaarron hypertext transfer protocol: //ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/the_body_shop/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bodyshop.com/global/index.aspA hypertext transfer protocol: //social-corporate-responsibility.suite101.com/article.cfm/corporate-social-responsibility-at-the-body-shop

Wolf on Violence Essay Example

Wolf on Violence Essay Example Wolf on Violence Essay Wolf on Violence Essay In her book, The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used against Women, Naomi Wolf dares to go where no woman would dare go – the inner recesses of their own minds.   It is here that Wolf a journalist by profession, has discovered something rather shocking.   Women are victims of violence.   But this kind of violence is not inflicted by society, let alone men.   Rather, it is the women themselves who are inflicting this violence on their own persons.   One must now wonder why would women want to do that.   Wolf’s answer is in pursuit of beauty.   This is summed up by an unidentified insider from a pharmaceutical firm that manufactures beauty products and the like,â€Å"Women take drugs in order to be seen as feminine.   The feminine woman†¦is slim, passive, deferential to men and does not exhibit emotions such as anger, frustration or assertiveness.† (quoted in Wolf, p. 268) It can be inferred from Wolf’s thesis is that women are inherently masochistic, born to bear and endure pain and in its absence, would look for it and probably ask for more.   Ironically, in this day and age when women have asserted their right and freedom, they are still hurting themselves and they are doing it by trying to become and stay beautiful.   The way Wolf and other feminists see it, these women are subliminally submitting themselves to the will of men unwittingly.   â€Å"Conventional wisdom,† as dictated by men states that women need to be attractive as a way of building up her self-esteem but the feminist view maintains this submission to men’s standards rather than let a woman be herself, free to be who she is and to live her life the way she wants to. One example given in Wolf’s book is breast augmentation.   There are women with small breasts who feel they are not â€Å"woman† enough and hence the need to make them larger and fuller.   They got this idea from pornographic materials that cater particularly to men’s desires (Wolf, 2002, pp. 246-248).   The â€Å"violence† here is that breast augmentation is a surgical procedure which entails going under the knife in order to perform the procedure where plastic surgeons insert silicone implants to enhance to shape and form of the breast and to those who have gone through this, if it is not painful, it can be discomforting which belies advertisements in print and television that shows women with enhanced breasts looking happy and satisfied.   This, according to the feminists, is a big lie.   This does not hide the fact that violence has been committed against women.   Besides breast augmentation, there is also rhinoplasty or â€Å"nose jobs,â €  changing shapes of eyes by Asian women to look more Caucasian and liposuction.   All these procedures require going under the knife and women are thereby allowing violence to be inflicted upon themselves. In conclusion, Wolf’s point is that beauty is a myth. Women are not beautifying themselves for their own sake but to satisfy men’s desires.   It would be very easy and tempting to agree.   The researcher wishes to remind or caution those who read Wolf’s work that this is seen from a feminist view and could probably be an opinion of the author herself. Yet no one can deny that she presents a very strong case and if it were to be implemented, it would be a daunting task as the vanity part of a woman’s psyche will continue to push her to enhance her looks and has a â€Å"defense mechanism† that allows her to overcome the fear of experiencing pain when she goes through any form of cosmetic surgery. Reference Wolf, N. (2002). The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used against Women. New York: Harper Collins.

Managing risk through a global capital strategy. Financial situations Research Paper

Managing risk through a global capital strategy. Financial situations of hospitals (especially in US) - Research Paper Example Back in 1958 in the Economic Review Modigliani and Miller proposed two very different optimal capital structures and since then there has been much debate going on as to what exactly is an optimal capital structure. Their first proposition concludes that in economic equilibrium conditions and perfect capital markets on which there is no tax liability, a firm is independent of an optimal capital structure to maximize its value. Five years after that, in 1963, they propose a different theory stating that introduction of corporate taxes provides a tax shield for debt that can escort a firm that is financed with 100% of debt. This props further questions like; aren’t firms wasting tons of money in tax payment to underuse debts (assumptions are; bankruptcy costs moderately) or other factors can take part in diminishing debt’s tax advantage? One such factor is the personal-corporate tax interaction where slightly different treatment of equity and debt (at personal level) that lessens the observed debt value. Corporate tax advantage is fractionally balanced by personal tax disadvantage by paying interest payments (Miller, 1977). The good thing is it confirms to both Miller and Modigliani. If there are no tax disadvantages then debt level returns back to the levels defined back in 1963. On the other side, advantages of debt get terminated by terminating personal equity tax. Personal income tax rate becomes equal to marginal corporate rate while suffering losses at corporate level. Probably in the long run, a capital structure under these forces may not be of much help in explaining the phenomenon of optimism but when tax code and variations are considered, business risks help explain the short term optimal capital structure of a firm. The capital structures constructed by health care providers have both negative and positive effects on the hospital business and success of organization. These capital structures built by combinations of debt and equity are now relatively modified as compared to previous decades’. In the aftermath of financial crisis of 2007-2008, the volatile situation of stock market, interest rate indexes, innovations in financial products especially in OTC markets for bonds and derivatives and changing dimensions of credit markets present a new challenge for providers. Specification of thesis – main point   What is an optimal capital structure and what are the ways to determine an optimal capital structure of a firm? And how risk can be managed through a global capital structure? Risk is present all the time, in capital markets, which affects the capital structure of firms. So instead of avoiding it, a better strategy is to have well managed capital strategy in place. c) Three supporting opinions/reasons   1. Enterprise Risk Management Balance sheet risk management will always remain most important in overall financial risk management. A well established and well operated risk management for treas ury practices is the major force in mitigating the financial stress of a balance sheet risk. Hospitals and health care facilities have different profiles and risk/return objectives with different market share and risk exposures, therefore there isn’t a standard capital structure that fits all. Every hospital and health care facility will need to have their custom made. One move that definitely fits almost all health care providers is to have a global capital strategy. A strong liquidity packed with position low forward capital needs would probably call for floating rate debt and appropriate interest rate

State cooperation, challenges and theoretical perspectives from Essay

State cooperation, challenges and theoretical perspectives from realism and regime analysis - Essay Example While the theorists ascribed to the school of realism view conflict as a norm between interactions by countries, the proponents of international regime hold that cooperation is the defining factor to their school of thought. Those ascribed to the theory assumes that countries cooperate in various instances such as within trade, international security as well as within the scope of human rights among other issues (Hercl, 1994, p. 64-66). The existence of international trade necessitate that the participating states as players within the trade to be unified in some manner of cooperation (Litta, 2012, p. 45). Global trade blocks are good examples to these relations between the individual countries who constitute the players in international trade. Besides trade, some common interest lead to cooperation between countries, which are such as the international environmental conservation, practices as well as the international collaborations in security issues. It is therefore the instances of cooperation that by definition allude to regimes (Buzan, 1993, p. 328-330). Despite the theory being inclined more onto the liberal view, hybrid definitions brings out another aspect of the theory as realist approach puts into perspective the neoliberal aspect in understanding the regimes. According to Drezner (2009), â€Å"The primary goal of neoliberal institutionalism was to demonstrate that even in an anarchic world populated by states with unequal amounts of power, structured cooperation was still possible† (65). The international humanitarian organizations such as the UN and others, which are tasked with confirming the correct institutions of rights to human beings. Other regimes, well known across the globe, focus on the areas that the cooperating states would resolve. Another definition to regimes refers to them as partnered behavior, where they are explained by regularity of behaviors, common rules or norms as well as similar principles (Hasenclever, et al, 2000, p. 3). Nevertheless, existence in singular, of such aspects as regular behaviors does not always indicate the existence of a regime. The general definition fails to confine the understanding of regimes to wholly regularized rules or patterns of behavior between states. The convergence of individual actors expectations describe the implicit regimes with an example of a regime being the ‘oil regime’ of the period between 1945 to 1970 which composed of common activities of oligopolistic interdependent organizations which were bound together by national procedure as well as rules and had the intervention of the United States as a sovereign authority. Common regulations and rules dictated the cooperation of the countries involved while exploring, producing as well as marketing of the petroleum products, which formed the point of consensus in the regime. National regulatory frameworks as well as market structures illustrated terms and conditions of supply that defined this pa rticular regime (Haggard and Simmons, 1987, p. 491-495). Countries hesitant to assent to frameworks that govern other states within a regime would not form part of this regime. However, the

Ponzi and Pyramid Schemes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ponzi and Pyramid Schemes - Research Paper Example Though, some forms of these schemes can claim to sell a product, but that product is actually a camouflage to hide their Pyramid arrangement (Roberts et al., 2007; ScamWatch, 2012; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). Basically, there are two tell-tale symbols that a business item or product is only being employed to cover a Pyramid scheme i.e. Stock loading and lack of corporate sales. In case of stock loading a business support program persuades workers to purchase more products than they could ever trade, frequently at inflated costs. In this scenario, the top management of an organization and Pyramid launcher generates considerable profits, even without bringing that product into the marketplace (Roberts et al., 2007; ScamWatch, 2012; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). In addition, the people behind the scenes generate a lot of money for inventory that just accumulates in their basements. In this scenario, lack of retail sales is as well a red flag that ensures the life of a Pyramid. A lot o f Pyramid schemes claim that their product is selling like hot cakes. However, the fact is that the sales happen simply among people within the Pyramid system or to new recruits joining the Pyramid scheme and not to the general public (Roberts et al., 2007; ScamWatch, 2012; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). A Ponzi scheme is closely related to a Pyramid for the reason that it rotates around endless recruiting. However, in a Ponzi scheme the promoter normally has no product to put up for sale and pays no charges to investors who employ new "associates†. Additionally, the advertiser generates income by attracting a stream of people, assuring them a very high rate of return on immediate deals. Normally, in Ponzi scheme, there is no actual investment chance, and the promoter immediately makes use of the cash from new recruits to disburse obligations payable for a longer-standing to the associates of the plan. In simple word, there is an appearance that satisfactorily reviews this plan : It is known as "stealing from Peter to pay Paul." A number of law enforcement officials describe a Ponzi system as a "Peter-Paul" scam (Roberts et al., 2007; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). Moreover, Ponzi schemes are trapping a lot of investors who have large sums to spend and who are allegedly knowledgeable and money-wise sophisticated (Rowe, 2000). Applicable law regulating the shame The business and methodology behind a Ponzi scheme, definitely has a triangular arrangement. The traitor is at the top most position. He is the chief of repeatedly growing stairs of investors. Though, there is dissimilarity between how both traditional Pyramid and Ponzi systems are executed. The vital difference between a Pyramid and Ponzi system is that a Ponzi plotter will simply ask its victim to invest in a deal. They will not ask them to perform any other activity or job except to invest money. They will ask their victims to wait until their investment is refunded. The Ponzi schemer is the brain behind the entire scheme and is simply shuffling money from one place to another. Moreover, a Pyramid scheme launcher offers an opportunity to its victim to generate money himself. Hence, it requires additional work, for instance, they can ask him to buy a franchise or license and start employing more people like himself. The staff will frequently disburse the recruiter a part of his income. All the same, Pyramid schemes are illegal. Moreover, a number of legal businesses, such as Mary Kay and The Pampered Chef, have been

United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF)

United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) The purpose of this memo is to critically summarise the operations of the United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) and its goals for the future. Following the end of World War II in 1946, The United Nations (UN) established a program aimed to provide the basic necessities of life to famine and disease ridden children in Europe[1]. On the 11th of December, 1946, UNICEF was born[2]. UNICEF was created for the purpose of addressing the needs of underprivileged children which include diminishing the prevalence of disease, malnutrition, HIV/AIDS and violence while ensuring all children have access to quality education[3]. Work Conducted by UNICEF One stated goal of UNICEF is to combat the inordinate number of young child and pregnancy related deaths[4]. A large proportion of these deaths occur due to preventable diseases and illnesses, malnutrition, poor sanitation and a severe lack of medical facilities[5]. In their efforts to minimise the deaths, UNICEF has established successful, uncomplicated and cost effective involvements within problem areas of the world[6]. Some of these contributions include vaccinations, antibiotics, nutritional supplements, insecticide-treated bed nets and the implementation of safer and more hygienic practices[7]. The prominence of HIV and AIDS in underdeveloped countries is another substantial hurdle UNICEF faces[8]. As well as establishing methods of preventing the transmission of HIV, UNICEF also provides protection, treatment and support for children affected by HIV/AIDS[9]. In conjunction with other child protection establishments, UNICEF has instigated social protection schemes to increase exposure to education and health services and aid communities and carers[10]. UNICEF has found the prominence of violence and exploitation of children to be one of the prime crises across the globe[11]. Issues such as unregistered births, child labour, child marriage, sexual exploitation of children, female genital mutilation, violence against children and other human rights violations are highly prevalent and insufficiently recognised and addressed[12]. By providing a protective environment for children and raising awareness of these child abuses, UNICEF hopes to generate responses and preventative measures to counteract these violations of childrens human rights[13]. Another area UNICEF hopes to address is the lack of quality education available to many children[14]. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) article 26, education is a basic human right[15]. Education is the cornerstone of personal and societal development. Implementing the assistance of local, national and international partners, UNICEF works to guarantee every child is entitled to a quality education, regardless of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background or personal circumstances[16]. Gender equality is another strong focus as UNICEF works to increase the number of girls with access to education[17]. UNICEF approaches these educational problems with a rights-based attitude with the hope of improving some of societies entrenched inequalities[18]. Priorities have been established by UNICEF to overcome the problems, which include equal access, universal primary education, gender quality and female education, post-crisis and emergency education, early childho od development and enhanced educational quality[19]. However, UNICEF understands that its aims for universal education require a long term global commitment[20]. UNICEFs dominant role is that of working in emergencies and delivering adequate humanitarian assistance to children in need[21]. During wartimes, UNICEF initiates critical interventions to save the lives and protect the rights of vulnerable children[22]. The focus of these interventions is to provide and ascertain emergency healthcare, sufficient food, clean drinking water and sanitation[23]. Post-war restoration of educational institutions assists with child protection and the reinstatement of normal routines[24]. Wartimes often bring about increased female violence, child abduction and gathering of child soldiers. UNICEF works to combat these problems in three predominant ways: prevention, protection, recuperation and reintegration[25]. Criticisms of UNICEF Despite their humanitarian stance, UNICEF has received criticisms from various groups, governments and individuals for failing to adequately address the problems facing particular groups. Israeli non-governmental organisation NGO Monitor, is highly critical of UNICEFs involvement with and funding of Palestinian Youth Association for Leadership and Rights Activation (PYALARA)[26]. A supposed non-political group, NGO Monitor alleges that PYALARA has been dishonest concerning its hidden agenda[27]. PYALARAs youth newspaper has been reported by NGO Monitor to advocate overt political intentions and indirectly show support of terror attacks on civilians and suicide bombings[28]. UNICEF has a policy of only supporting non-political organisations and has been criticised by NGO Monitor for showing political bias or negligence in their duty to be aware of PYALARAs true activities[29]. UNICEF has also been disapproved of by the American Life League for the introduction of family planning as part of their maternal and child health services[30]. With these new services came the distribution of contraceptives by UNICEF to countries suffering overpopulation and poverty[31]. Soon after this controversy, UNICEF reportedly spent vast amounts of funding to initiate sterilisation facilities in countries around the world[32]. Further to these claims, the Catholic Church attacked UNICEF for its promotion of contraceptives, abortion and sterilisation, and display of a suction abortion machine order form on the UNICEF website[33]. In 1996, following the discovery of a sterilising agent in the UNICEF distributed tetanus vaccines in the Philippines, Mexico, Nicaragua, Tanzania, India and Nigeria, the Vatican actually withdrew its annual donation to UNICEF in condemnation of their practices[34]. Sudanese Oxford scholar Bona Malwal and The International Humanist and Ethical Union (IHEU) have also spoken out against UNICEF regarding Sudanese slavery. Bona Malwal believes that UNICEF is partly to blame for the continuing slavery in Sudan as they failed to act appropriately[35]. Malwal claims UNICEF has allowed the Sudanese government to escape all denunciation at the annual United Nations Human Rights meetings and turned a blind eye to the outrageous human rights breaches that occurred in Sudan[36]. In failing to acknowledge the slavery problem in Sudan and instead referring to countless abductions, Malwal holds UNICEF responsible for the hundreds of thousands of unaccounted for women and children[37]. Similarly, UNICEF has faced additional condemnation by the IHEU[38]. The IHEU have criticised UNICEF for delaying the slave rescue action to be undertaken by the Sudanese run Committee for Eradication of Abduction of Women and Children (CEAWAC)[39]. CEAWACs proposed operation was fiercely supported by the majority of Sudanese slaves and their families, yet UNICEF didnt act[40]. UNICEFs reluctance to call the victims of slavery slaves was another point for disparagement by the IHEU[41]. UNICEF is a humanitarian organisation, directing its efforts in various areas to help combat many of the violations against children that occur across the globe. Focus areas remain in the reduction of disease and malnutrition related deaths, dealing with HIV/AIDS sufferers, preventing the exploitation of children, ensuring equal access to education and providing sufficient support in times of emergency and conflict. However, despite its humanitarian objectives and efforts, UNICEF still receives criticism for some of its decisions and shortcomings. References International Humanist and Ethical Union (2005) IHEU speaks at UN of plight of Sudanese slaves, available: http://www.iheu.org/node/170 [accessed 15 Oct 2009] Mark, J. (2003) Slavery: Sudanese Scholar Speaks Out [online], available: http://jmm.aaa.net.au/articles/11093.htm [accessed 15 Oct, 2009] Mosher, S. (2009) UNICEF, WHO Want Alliance with Church but Promote Abortion [online], available: http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=33157 [accessed 12 Oct 2009] NGO Monitor (2003) UNICEF Funding Political Activities, NGO Monitor Analysis [online], 1(5), available: http://www.ngo-monitor.org/editions/v1n05/v1n05-1.htm [accessed 12 Oct 2009] Tignor, L. (2005) The Truth About UNICEF [online], available: http://www.all.org/article.php?id=10105 [accessed 12 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2006) UNICEFs Role in Emergencies [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/emerg/index_33296.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Basic Education and Gender Equality: UNICEF in Action [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_action.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse: the Big Picture [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/protection/index_bigpicture.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Children and HIV and AIDS: UNICEF in Action [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/aids/index_42838.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Partnership for Education and Gender Equality [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_44865.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Who We Are [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/about/who/index_introduction.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Young Child Survival and Development [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2009) Basic Education and Gender Equality [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index.php [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2009) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/protection/index.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] United Nations (2009) Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) [online], available: http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ [Accessed 14 Oct, 2009] Bibliography Brizee, A. (2009) Memo Writing [online], available: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/printable/590/ [accessed 3 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Who We Are [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/about/who/index_introduction.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] ibid ibid UNICEF (2008) Young Child Survival and Development [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] ibid ibid ibid UNICEF (2008) Children and HIV and AIDS: UNICEF in Action [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/aids/index_42838.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] ibid ibid UNICEF (2008) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse: the Big Picture [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/protection/index_bigpicture.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] ibid UNICEF (2009) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/protection/index.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2009) Basic Education and Gender Equality [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index.php [accessed 10 Oct 2009] United Nations (2009) Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) [online], available: http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ [accessed 14 Oct 2009] UNICEF, Basic Education and Gender Equality [online] ibid ibid UNICEF (2008) Basic Education and Gender Equality: UNICEF in Action [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_action.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2008) Partnership for Education and Gender Equality [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_44865.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] UNICEF (2006) UNICEFs Role in Emergencies [online], available: http://www.unicef.org/emerg/index_33296.html [accessed 10 Oct 2009] ibid ibid ibid ibid NGO Monitor. (2003) UNICEF Funding Political Activities, NGO Monitor Analysis [online], 1(5), available http://www.ngo-monitor.org/editions/v1n05/v1n05-1.htm [accessed 12 Oct 2009] NGO Monitor is a Jerusalem based organisation who monitor Middle Eastern NGOs with the aim of prohibiting other NGOs from promoting perceived ideologically motivated anti-Israel agendas. PYALARA is a student run Palestinian NGO. ibid ibid ibid Tignor, L. (2005) The Truth About UNICEF [online], available: http://www.all.org/article.php?id=10105 [accessed 12 Oct 2009] ibid ibid Mosher, S. (2009) UNICEF, WHO Want Alliance with Church but Promote Abortion [online], available: http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=33157 [accessed 12 Oct 2009] Tignor, The Truth About UNICEF [online] Mark, J. (2003), Slavery: Sudanese Scholar Speaks Out [online], available http://jmm.aaa.net.au/articles/11093.htm [accessed 15 Oct, 2009] ibid ibid International Humanist and Ethical Union, (2005) IHEU speaks at UN of plight of Sudanese slaves, available: http://www.iheu.org/node/170 [accessed 15 Oct 2009] ibid ibid ibid

Review of a live piece of theatre - Blood Brothers Essay -- Drama

Review of a live piece of theatre - Blood Brothers Review of a live piece of theatre Introduction:We went to see the "Blood Brothers" on the 23rd of May at the Phoenix Theatre. The plot of the story was that there were two twins separated at birth. One of the twins grows up in a middle class house hold. The other one in a working class house hold we see the different ways in which they grow up and the clothes that they wear are different. The play examines the issue of social in Britain. Structure: The plot was structured at the begging there was a death scene of the two twins the rest of the piece was a flash back the mother of the twins was on her own and she had seven children already and she had twins coming she didn't have enough money to feed the seven children and could not feed two more she worked with a rich woman who did not have any children the narrator was saying what was happening in each scene. Characters: Mickey was the twin in the working class he had bad clothes he had a green jumper which had holes and he put it over his knees his face was all dirty and you know from his body language that he was a little boy because he was jumping on the floor and he pretended that he had a horse his mum was telling him not to play up there. In his monologue his body language was that he was sitting on the floor and saying what he was not allowed to do but that he was almost eight and when he was a twenty year old he was depressed and his hea...

Ebooks & libraries Essay

Ebooks are now becoming more popular in libraries as confirmed by two recent conferences: the Charleston Conference and London Online. This is because library users find it more convenient to use ebooks as compared to printed sources. John Barnes of Cengage announce to the Charleston audience that their users prefer electronic though they still sell more print than electronic reference. In line with this, he believed that libraries have to â€Å"move faster away from print reference† so as to meet the growing demand for ebooks. He also added that the cost per use of the print collection was 5 times greater than the electronic collection. The demand for e-reference books, including dictionaries, almanacs, encyclopedias, and handbooks, continued to rise since it had been included in library systems. In view of this, the presenters showed some issues that were to be addressed, particularly monitoring the usage of scholarly monographs. Peter Shephard of Project COUNTER said that the COUNTER to be installed in many libraries will be of great help in usage reporting. Currently, there are eight libraries that use the system. Ebooks experienced high use despite little promotion. Compared to printed references, ebooks can be more profitable since it can be sold directly to students and libraries. For now, ebook usage are undergoing intensive studies as to how it will work. However, since there are many different types of ebooks, researchers are having a hard time identifying usage patterns. Nevertheless, ebooks are available in libraries for use in research, reference, and more. LIST OF REFERENCES Tenopir, C. (2008). Ebooks Arrive. Library Journal, 133(2):25, January 2

Other America Essay

Other America Essay Other America Essay In the book Things Fall Apart, the author, Chinua Achebe, wants the read not to judge Okonkwo and his people of the Iguedo village, he wants the reader to understand and relate to their lifestyle and beliefs. Achebe wants the reader to see the whole picture. In Okonkwo’s village he is known as a stern, warrior. But unlike most other men in his village he did not earn his wealth through his father. Okonkwo had to build his farm and hut with his own hands and his own reputation is what allowed him to do that. He is proud to have three wives all of which have their own obi, or hut. Success for men is measured by their accomplishments that actuate their manliness and wealth. Okonkwo is successful in his village because he is a warrior who took the heads of five others during battle. Also he won the previous year’s wrestling match against a seven year champion proving his strength and manliness along with his wealth and size of yams. This is the most important thing in Okonk wo’s life; to show that he is a man, unlike his father. He resents his father because his represents everything that is viewed as weak or agbala known as womanly. Okonkwo is so set on being different than his father and seen as a man by his people that it is his ultimate fall and results in him taking his own life. In Okonkwo’s village anything that is weak is a representation of a woman because to him and his people woman are weak and the property of men. That is why fathers sell their daughters for a ‘bride-price’ to a suitor they find to be strong and manly enough, for they own them and can do as they wish with them. Just as Okonkwo told his favorite daughter, Ezinma, that she was not to marry until they returned from their 7 year exile. Women are also beaten when then do something that is unpleasing to their husband. Though Okonkwo thinks that he is manly in beating his wives and children to run a strict household, the egwugwu, say that â€Å"that it is not brave when a man fights with a woman.† However, there are things that women do making them deserve punishment from there husband and establish hierarchy. Even when Okonkwo beats his wife for coming home late during the Week of Peace the priestess, who is a woman, is not upset with Okonkwo for beating his wife, she even says that his wife was wrong. The priestess was upset with Okonkwo for breaking the Weak of Peace and cursing his village. For the book, Things Fall Apart, I am going to compared and contrast some of the parts I have just highlighted about the book. I will discuss marriage and how it is viewed in the United States. I will also talk about the role of being a man, the view of women, and the role of religion. Marriage in the Umuofia clan is an agreement among men. Fathers sell their daughters to the best suitor for a ‘bride-price’ which is agreed on by both parties. This shows a sort of class structure within the community. Men of a higher class can offer more for a woman of higher class. Class is determined by the size of your farm, the number of yams you have, and your war accomplishments. There is no status for women in their society, because they have ownership of nothing. Women are judged by whether or not they are married, and whether or not they have children, and how many. Marriage in Western culture, though changing, is similar to marriage in the Iguedo village. Marriage in the Western civilization has origin in many different ancient cultures of which the Roman, Hebrew, and Germanic are the most influential. http://www2.hu-berlin.de/sexology/ATLAS_EN/html/history_of_marriage_in_western.html. As we all know, the Christian church and their policies have greatly influenced the western beliefs and traditions of marriage. Up until recently marriage in our culture was an arranged agreement between two families, such as marriage is in the Iguedo village. By families, I mean the fathers, and husband to be. Women had very little voice in the matter, and love was rarely part of the deal.

How to Write an Informative Speech about Education

How to Write an Informative Speech about Education An informative speech is a five to six-minute speech that utilizes descriptions, demonstrations, details, and definition to explain a complex topic in an easy-to-understand way. Basically, its purpose is to communicate information, which, for this particular page is on education in the U.S. Once you have chosen a topic (check our 10 facts on contemporary issues in U.S. education for an informative speech or 20 topics contemporary issues in U.S. education for an informative speech for guidance), use the following outline to begin writing your own. Introduction The is the beginning of your speech and the point you will need to grab your audience’s attention from. To make your speech effective, the introduction should encompass the following: Attention Getter – Provide a detail, anecdote or fact that is supposed to shock your audience. For instance, you can share statistics on the prevalence of violence in today’s schools. Reason to Listen – Identify and state a few reasons why your audience should know what you are telling them about. Keeping the violence in schools in mind, you can mention that it affects students beyond physically and poses a threat to educators and administrators. Thesis Statement – Explain the purpose of your speech and what it will allude to. Credibility Statement – Mention why you are the right person to impart this knowledge. For example, you can relay your own stories of being bullied in school or witness violence in the classroom. Preview of Main Points – Tell your audience what they should expect from your speech. List the points you intend to talk about in a way that attracts your listeners. Body of Speech This is where you begin expanding on the main points you told your audience that you would cover. Make sure that every point you talk about is supported by evidence from a credible resource. For example, provide statistics and mention their sources in case your audience decides to scribble them down and check them when they go home. After each point, make sure to include a transition statement. For example, you can say something along the lines of â€Å"Now that I’ve been over the effects of violence on students, I would like to discuss its effects on the teachers themselves.† Conclusion This is where you need to wrap up your speech. Basically, there are three parts to the conclusion. Review of Main Points – Reiterate the points you have discussed in your speech. Restate of Thesis – Tell the audience one more time about your thesis. Closure – Add a call to action to inspire those who have been listening to you. The flow of the informative speech you deliver depends entirely upon you. However, you need much more than your words to make your speech memorable and downright impressive. You need to be able to make listeners trust you. To pull this off, show enthusiasm, maintain firm eye contact, have a dominating but soft tone, and pronounce each word with confidence and emphasis where necessary. Make sure to win everyone over with this outline and good luck!

ADULT EDUCATION CURRICULUM Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ADULT EDUCATION CURRICULUM - Research Paper Example The new perspective in adult literacy is that the focus should move from just acquiring new skills on numeracy and literacy to using these skills aught on community development perspectives. One of those models is the New Literacy Studies Model (NLS) which recognizes multiple illiteracies, James, C (2011). NLS takes into account the issue of contentions in relations of power varying in time and space that is in different cultures. It gives respect to social practices but also takes into account these same cultural practices can be impediments to adult literacy.NLS takes a multidisciplinary approach taking into respect innovations in cultural psychology and sociology with emphasis in social-cultural history and social practice theory. The approach goes beyond reading and writing as acquisition of new skills and emphasizes adult literacy as a means to examine ones position in terms of socioeconomic status, education, gender and race. The NLS approach has been widely used in the developing countries where adult literacy has been closely linked with alleviating the socioeconomic status of most communities and individuals, Armstrong, C (2010). With such basic skills in tailoring, carpentry, entrepreneur skills being taught hand in hand with writing and literacy skills. Most individuals have opened business with the skills learnt, raising their standards of living and the general economic status of their communities. James, C (2011). Literacy as social reproduction and social transformation: the challenge of diasporic communities in the contemporary period. In: International journal of educational development, 31 (6)

Harlem Renaissance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Harlem Renaissance - Research Paper Example In addition, the liberated African Americans, after the America civil war, sought for a safe place to explore their new identities, but at this time as free men and women. This is how they the African Americans found themselves in Harlem. Harlem grew to become the home of the best and brightest minds of the 20th century, with people like Langston Hughes, Walter Weldon and the parent figure of W.E.B Du Bois, hence giving birth to a cultural revolution; hence the place earned its name ‘the capital of black America’. This paper would build up the constituents’ culture, literacy, and artistic explosion that defined the birth of the Harlem Renaissance2. The burgeoning African- American middle class of 1900s began to fight for a new political agenda that advocated for racial equality. This became one the roots that came in support of the formation of the Harlem Renaissance. New York was the epicenter for all these actions. In New York, three of the largest civil rights in America by then had established their headquarters there.Among the notable ringleaders of these, the civil rights movement was the Black historian, a sociologist, and a Harvard scholar W.E.B Du Bois3. The 1905 meeting that Du Bois organized with other civil rights movement leaders to discuss the challenges facing the black community served as the game changer in awakening the African Americans. This gave birth to the resolution of 1909 by the group to form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The aim of this organization, purely made by blacks was to promote the civil rights and the fight against African-American disenfranchisement. In many aspects, the Black American community fell short of so many social rights, not even privileges in the oppressive south, as opposed to the whites. Due to this lack of platform to voice